Evaluation and Treatment of Latent Tuberculosis Infection

Authors

James G. Krepps Jr., University of LynchburgFollow

Specialty

Family Practice

Advisor

Elyse Watkins, DHSc, PA-C, DFAAPA

Abstract

ABSTRACT

Purpose: The purpose of this article is to review the diagnostic process, clinical evaluation, and treatment recommendations of patients with latent tuberculosis.

Method: A PubMed literature search was conducted with the search terms latent tuberculosis, evaluation, treatment, rifapentine (RPT), isoniazid (INH). Fourteen pertinent articles were retrieved and will serve as the basis for this clinical review article.

Results: With the goal of elimination of tuberculosis worldwide, newer recommendations for the treatment of latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) include shorter courses of therapy that have increased compliance and completion rates.

Conclusion: Tuberculosis (TB) remains a common infection in many parts of the world. Although it is not as common in the United States, it remains important to recognize how to properly screen and evaluate LTBI, especially in high-risk groups. After a patient has been identified as having a LTBI, appropriate baseline testing should be recommended with the ultimate goal of providing prophylactic treatment to prevent reactivation of disease later in life. In recent years, shorter treatment regimens have been developed that have increased compliance and completion rates.

Keywords: Latent Tuberculosis, Treatment, Rifapentine, Isoniazid

Recommended Citation

Krepps JG. Evaluation and Treatment of Latent Tuberculosis Infection. University of Lynchburg DMSc Doctoral Project Assignment Repository. 2021; 3(2).