Postpartum Depression and Child Developmental Risk in Minority Populations

Authors

Aisha E. Tadese, University of LynchburgFollow

Specialty

Psychiatry, Behavioral health

Abstract

ABSTRACT

Postpartum depression (PPD) is a common complication of childbirth, affecting approximately one in seven women. Minority women are disproportionately underdiagnosed and undertreated, which increases risks for both maternal health and child development. The purpose of this review was to examine the prevalence of PPD among minority women, its impact on early developmental outcomes, and clinical strategies to reduce disparities.

A literature search was conducted in PubMed and Google Scholar for studies published between 2019 and 2025. Eligible articles included observational cohorts, case–control studies, surveys, and systematic reviews reporting on PPD prevalence in minority women or associations with child outcomes up to 36 months. Outcomes included maternal well-being, bonding, and child development in cognitive, language, motor, and social-emotional domains.

Findings showed that untreated PPD is linked to developmental delays and higher behavioral risk, particularly when symptoms are severe or persistent. Minority women face additional barriers to diagnosis and care, including stigma, limited culturally responsive screening, and systemic inequities. Evidence supports repeated screening with the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS), timely access to psychotherapy such as cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) or interpersonal therapy (IPT), and selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) compatible with lactation. Culturally tailored interventions and expanded access through mid-level practitioners are critical to reducing disparities.

Keywords: Postpartum depression, minority women, maternal mental health, child development, health disparities, early intervention

Recommended Citation

Tadese AE. Postpartum Depression and Child Developmental Risk in Minority Populations. University of Lynchburg DMSc Doctoral Project Assignment Repository. 2025; 7(3).