Hidden in Plain Sight: Clinical Considerations in Knee Plica Syndrome

Authors

• Russell Thomas, University of LynchburgFollow

Specialty

Orthopedic Surgery

Abstract

ABSTRACT

The objective of this paper is to provide a review of the most recent literature on diagnostic modalities and treatment options for knee plica syndrome. Plicae are most often described as folds in synovial tissue that are present during development and can form into thick bands of capsular tissue surrounding the patella. A pathologic plica is an overlooked but potentially common cause of anterior knee pain, leading to chondral wear and dysfunction if left untreated. Diagnosis of plica syndrome is initially clinical, based on detailed patient history and specialized physical examination techniques. Imaging studies, such as ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging, can facilitate the identification of a plica but can be pathologically nonspecific. Diagnostic arthroscopy remains the gold standard for identifying a pathologic plica and for visualizing any congruent chondral damage to bony structures. Non-operative management, including physical therapy, kinesiology tape, and non-steroidal anti-inflammatories, is an effective option for most patients to alleviate their symptoms. In smaller population studies, arthroscopic resection has also been shown to have improved functional outcomes in patients unresponsive to conservative care. The limited amount of recent, high-quality studies with diverse patient populations underscores the need for further research to establish standardized diagnostic and treatment protocols for knee plica syndrome.

Keywords: anterior knee pain, anterior knee dysfunction, knee plica, plica syndrome, knee arthroscopy

Recommended Citation

Thomas R. Hidden in Plain Sight: Clinical Considerations in Knee Plica Syndrome. University of Lynchburg DMSc Doctoral Project Assignment Repository. 2026; 8(1).