•  
  •  
 

Lynchburg Journal of Medical Science

Specialty

Critical Care

Abstract

The objective of this review is to evaluate the effects of restrictive abortion laws on maternal mortality and morbidity in the United States. Even before the landmark reversal of Roe v. Wade, the US had one of the highest maternal mortality rates among other high-income countries, and rates are expected to continue to rise in states with restrictive abortion policies. Electronic databases and public health data were analyzed to assess clinical outcomes, access to care, and disparities associated with abortion restrictions nationally and internationally. The findings suggest that states with highly restrictive abortion policies experience higher rates of maternal morbidity and mortality and delayed or denied care for pregnancy-related complications. These laws disproportionately impact marginalized populations, including those with low income, people of color, and rural residents, exacerbating existing health disparities. Additionally, restrictive legislation creates legal and clinical uncertainty, hindering timely, evidence-based decision-making by clinicians and contributing to the criminalization of standard obstetric care in some cases. International comparisons support these trends; in countries enforcing strict abortion bans, similar outcomes were found. While this review highlights significant negative health outcomes associated with abortion restrictions, it also underscores the urgent need for evidence-based reproductive health policies that prioritize maternal safety and health equity and call for ongoing advocacy to protect access to comprehensive reproductive healthcare.

Keywords: abortion laws, maternal mortality, maternal morbidity, reproductive health policy, health disparities, health policy.

Download

Share

COinS